Reviewed case brief

M. Nagaraj and Ors. v Union of India and Ors.

(2006) 8 SCC 212

(2006) 8 SCC 212 · Supreme Court of India

article-16-4areservation-in-promotionquantifiable-dataadministrative-efficiency
Court
Supreme Court of India
Year
2006
Subjects
Constitutional Law I
Reviewed
2026-08-02

Rule established

Constitutional amendments enabling reservation in promotions for SC/ST (77th, 81st, 82nd, 85th Amendments) are valid, but the state must satisfy three conditions: (a) backwardness of the class, (b) inadequate representation, and (c) no adverse effect on overall administrative efficiency.

Facts

    Issues

      Held

        Ratio decidendi

        How to use it in an exam

        Editorial source

        (2006) 8 SCC 212; landmark decision upholding constitutional amendments on promotion reservation with conditions

        Educational summary only. Read the reported judgment or an authorised law report before relying on the case professionally.