Reviewed case brief

Arun Ghosh v. State of West Bengal

AIR 1970 SC 1228

The leading authority on distinguishing "public order" from "law and order," using the concentric circles / ripple analogy.

public-orderlaw-and-orderdistinctionpreventive-powerssem-5
Court
Supreme Court of India
Year
1970
Subjects
Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita
Reviewed
2026-06-29

Rule established

Distinction between 'public order' and 'law and order': public order is the widest ripple in a pond (community-wide impact); mere law and order is the ripple closest to the pebble (individual impact).

Facts

    Issues

      Held

        Ratio decidendi

        How to use it in an exam

        Editorial source

        AIR

        Educational summary only. Read the reported judgment or an authorised law report before relying on the case professionally.